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Estimate federal and Ohio tax for 2026, then compare with withholding to see if you may receive a refund or owe additional tax.
As of 2026 · Ohio state data: Ohio Department of Taxation
Federal tax after credits
$9,278.1
State tax
$1,732.5
FICA
$7,650
Estimated refund
$339.4
For this sample profile, effective tax rate is 18.66% and the estimated refund is $339.4.
Source: FinCalc server-rendered example using the same formulas as the interactive calculator.
Estimated amount owed
$4,921.6
Your tax is $20,922. With $16,000 withheld, you may owe $4,922.
Federal tax (after credits)
$11,850.1
State tax
$1,804
FICA (SS + Medicare)
$7,267.5
Child tax credit
$0
Effective tax rate
22.02%
Marginal tax rate
32.40%
AGI
$94,000
Taxable income (federal)
$77,900
Ohio uses progressive income tax brackets. Single and married filing jointly rates:
| Taxable Income | Rate |
|---|---|
| $0–$26,050 | 0.00% |
| $26,051–$100,000 | 2.75% |
| $100,001+ | 3.13% |
| Taxable Income | Rate |
|---|---|
| $0–$26,050 | 0.00% |
| $26,051–$100,000 | 2.75% |
| $100,001+ | 3.13% |
This estimator uses IRS 2026 federal brackets, the selected state tax brackets, and employee FICA rates to estimate your total annual tax.
Refund or amount owed is computed as withholding minus total tax. Positive means refund; negative means additional tax due.
Child tax credit is modeled at $2,000 per dependent with phaseout assumptions beginning at $200,000 (single/HOH) and $400,000 (married filing jointly).
Data and assumptions align with official publications. For verification and current figures:
Ohio runs a progressive state income tax with 3 brackets, topping out at 3.13% for the highest earners. Lower-income filers pay a much smaller marginal rate; the effective rate rises with income because only the portion of wages within each band is taxed at that band's rate. Ohio's state standard deduction is $2,350 for single filers and $4,700 for married couples filing jointly in 2026. Most Ohio cities and school districts levy municipal income tax (typically 1%–2.5%); Cleveland, Columbus, and Cincinnati residents face the highest combined burden.
For tax returns filed in Ohio, federal income tax follows IRS 2026 brackets and FICA is withheld at 7.65% (employee share). Ohio requires a separate state return; state taxable income is generally federal AGI minus state-specific deductions (state standard deduction $2,350 single / $4,700 married for 2026). Ohio has reciprocity with Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Most Ohio cities and school districts levy municipal income tax (typically 1%–2.5%); Cleveland, Columbus, and Cincinnati residents face the highest combined burden.
Data current as of 2026; verify with Ohio Department of Taxation (https://tax.ohio.gov/individual/file-now/annual-tax-rates) before relying on these figures for filing.
A simplified estimate compares total tax liability against withholding year-to-date. If withholding is greater than estimated total tax, the difference is a potential refund. If withholding is lower, you may owe additional tax when filing.
This estimator includes federal income tax brackets, state income tax by state, employee FICA (Social Security and Medicare), and a simplified child tax credit model. It also accounts for common pre-tax adjustments like 401(k), HSA, and IRA contributions.
AGI is modeled as gross wages plus other income minus selected pre-tax contributions and half of entered student loan interest deduction. This is a planning approximation intended for quick tax forecasting, not filing preparation.
Refund estimates are sensitive to withholding, bonuses, side income, and credits. If your income pattern changes during the year, your final federal and state tax may differ from earlier estimates even with the same filing status.
A single filer earning $50,000 of W-2 wages in Ohio (2026, standard deduction, no dependents) owes about $3,820 federal income tax, $594 Ohio state tax, and $3,825 FICA — total tax around $8,239 (effective rate 16.48%).
A single filer earning $75,000 of W-2 wages in Ohio (2026, standard deduction, no dependents) owes about $7,670.1 federal income tax, $1,281.5 Ohio state tax, and $5,737.5 FICA — total tax around $14,689.1 (effective rate 19.59%).
A single filer earning $100,000 of W-2 wages in Ohio (2026, standard deduction, no dependents) owes about $13,170.1 federal income tax, $1,969 Ohio state tax, and $7,650 FICA — total tax around $22,789.1 (effective rate 22.79%).
Ohio has 3 state income tax brackets for 2026, ranging from 0.00% on the first dollars of taxable income to 3.13% on the top band. See the bracket table above for thresholds.
Federal tax returns are due April 15 (or the next business day if that falls on a weekend or holiday). Ohio state returns are generally due the same day as the federal return. Extensions of six months are available but do not delay tax payment.
Ohio has reciprocity with Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. If you live in one state and work in the other, you generally file only in your state of residence and your employer withholds for that state.
The federal standard deduction for 2026 is $16,100 for single filers and $32,200 for married filing jointly, applied before federal brackets. Ohio adds its own state standard deduction of $2,350 single / $4,700 married for 2026.
Compare your total estimated tax (federal + state + FICA) to your total withholding (federal + state YTD W-2 box 2 and box 17) — if withholding exceeds total tax you get a refund; otherwise you owe. Common refund boosters: dependents (Child Tax Credit up to $2,000 each), 401(k) and HSA contributions reducing AGI, student-loan interest, and itemized deductions when they exceed the standard. Use the calculator above to model your scenario.
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